1. Restoration: This approach involves returning the building to its original state, both functionally and aesthetically. Any elements that were damaged or lost are repaired or replaced with historically accurate materials and techniques.
2. Conservation: In this approach, the building is preserved in a way that maintains its original character and significance while adapting it to contemporary use and needs. This might include repairing and maintaining existing features, but also recognizing that new construction might be necessary to make the building functional and accessible.
3. Adaptive reuse: This approach involves repurposing a building for a new use while preserving its historic character. For example, a historic bank building might be converted into a restaurant or event space, while retaining original features like the vault and ornate woodwork.
4. Reconstruction: This approach involves rebuilding a demolished or severely damaged historic building from its original plans and materials. While this can provide an accurate representation of the original building, there may be debate over whether it is authentic or a replica.
5. Documentation: This approach involves recording and documenting the history and architecture of a building, often through photography, drawings, and written records. This can be used both for preservation purposes and for educational and research purposes.
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