There are several features that make a building earthquake-resistant. Some of the common features include:
1. Base isolation: The building is constructed on base isolation pads or bearings that absorb and dissipate the seismic energy during an earthquake.
2. Reinforced concrete construction: The use of reinforced concrete in the building structure enhances its strength and ability to withstand seismic forces.
3. Steel braces and frames: Steel braces and frames are installed in the building to provide additional strength and resistance against lateral forces exerted during an earthquake.
4. Flexible floor diaphragms: Flexible floor diaphragms allow the building to distribute the seismic forces evenly, preventing concentrated stress in one area.
5. Damping systems: The inclusion of damping systems, such as viscous dampers or tuned mass dampers, helps to absorb and dissipate the energy generated during an earthquake.
6. Shear walls: Reinforced concrete or steel shear walls are placed strategically in the building structure to resist the lateral forces caused by an earthquake.
7. Pile foundation: Strong and deep pile foundations are used to support the building, providing stability and minimizing the impact of ground shaking during an earthquake.
8. Adequate anchoring and connections: Proper anchoring of building components and strong connections between structural elements ensure the overall stability of the building during seismic events.
9. Regular maintenance and inspection: Regular maintenance and inspection of the building help identify any vulnerabilities or weaknesses that may compromise its earthquake resistance, allowing for timely repairs and strengthening measures.
These features work together to minimize the impact of seismic forces on the building, protect the structure, and ensure the safety of its occupants during an earthquake.
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