Streamline Moderne, also known as Art Moderne, was an architectural style that emerged in the 1930s as a derivative of the Art Deco movement. While it often prioritized sleek and aerodynamic aesthetics, there were several specific innovations in structural design that were introduced in Streamline Moderne buildings. Some of these include:
1. Curvilinear Forms: Streamline Moderne embraced curvilinear forms, inspired by the speed and movement of modern transportation such as ships, airplanes, and trains. The structures featured smooth, flowing lines and rounded corners, unlike the geometric patterns of earlier architectural styles.
2. Steel and Reinforced Concrete Construction: Streamline Moderne buildings made extensive use of steel and reinforced concrete construction techniques. Steel framing and reinforced concrete allowed for larger open spaces, reduced the need for bulky load-bearing walls, and facilitated the creation of sweeping curves and cantilevered elements.
3. Large Glass Windows: The style embraced large glass windows that extended from floor to ceiling, allowing for more natural light and better views of the surroundings. Steel or aluminum casement windows were frequently used, adding a distinctive feature to the facades.
4. Innovative Roofing Solutions: Streamline Moderne buildings often featured innovative roofing solutions, such as flat roofs with little to no visible slopes. These roofs were typically made from materials like metal, glass, or synthetic materials, adding to the streamlined appearance. Sometimes, rooftop terraces were incorporated into designs to create outdoor living spaces.
5. Cantilevered Canopies: One of the prominent features of Streamline Moderne buildings was the use of cantilevered canopies. These canopies extended from the building's façade, providing shade and protection from the elements. They were often supported by thin steel or concrete columns, giving an impression of weightlessness and serving as a characteristic design element.
6. Integration of New Materials: Streamline Moderne embraced the use of new, lightweight materials such as aluminum, glass blocks, and terracotta tiles. These materials facilitated the creation of smooth, uninterrupted surfaces, enhancing the streamlined appearance of the buildings.
7. Streamlined Interior Layout: The streamline aesthetic was not limited to the exteriors. Building interiors were designed with functionality and efficiency in mind, employing curved walls, rounded corners, and smooth surfaces. This approach eliminated unnecessary ornamentation, offering a clean, streamlined look to the building's interiors.
These innovations in structural design, along with the incorporation of new materials and a focus on sleek and aerodynamic forms, defined the Streamline Moderne style. By embracing the spirit of modernity and technological progress, it brought new architectural expressions to cities around the world in the 1930s and beyond.
Publication date: