Static loads refer to forces that remain constant and do not change over time, while dynamic loads refer to forces that change in magnitude, direction, or both over time. Static loads are usually applied slowly or gradually and do not cause sudden changes in stress or deformation, while dynamic loads can cause rapid changes in stress, strain, or motion and may lead to fatigue, vibration, or resonance. Examples of static loads include the weight of a beam or column, a person standing on a bridge, or a car parked on a road, while examples of dynamic loads include wind gusts, earthquakes, moving vehicles or machinery, or water waves.
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