1. Climate: The climate of a region is a crucial factor to consider when designing a landscape. The amount of sunlight, rainfall, humidity, and temperature greatly impacts the types of plants that can grow and the design of a garden or landscape.
2. Soil: The type and quality of soil can affect the growth and health of plants and the landscape design. If the soil is too sandy, rocky, clay-heavy or alkaline, it can limit plant growth; thus, it may need to be amended, so it’s appropriate for the plants you want to grow.
3. Topography: The shape of the land and its contours play an essential role when designing a landscape. The slope and elevation dictate the drainage and irrigation systems necessary to maintain the health of the plants.
4. Water Availability: Adequate availability of water is critical to the plants' growth and survival. Moreover, the water source will determine the type of irrigation systems and the location of plants and landscape design appropriate for the water supply.
5. Existing Vegetation: The current vegetation that exists on the site will also affect the design of the landscape. The plants, trees, and foliage could be preserved in the new design, or some may have to be removed or cut down.
6. Wind: The intensity, direction and frequency of winds in a region affect the growing conditions of plants and the design of the landscape. Some plants are more susceptible to wind damage, and a garden layout that includes windbreaks can help protect fragile plants from the harsh weather conditions.
7. Wildlife and Insects: The presence of insects and other wildlife can positively or negatively affect the landscape's design. Factors such as pollinators, and pests, could be reinforced or managed accordingly.
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