The Colonial Revival style was heavily influenced by several factors. Some of the key influences include:
1. Colonial architecture: The style drew inspiration from the architectural forms and styles prevalent during the American colonial period (1600s-1800s). It sought to recreate or re-interpret the architectural features of early American buildings, such as Georgian, Federal, and Greek Revival.
2. Historical preservation and restoration: The conservation movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries inspired the Colonial Revival. As Americans became more interested in preserving their history, they began restoring and recreating colonial buildings. The influence of preservation societies and the work of historians played a significant role in popularizing the Colonial Revival style.
3. Centennial celebrations: The United States' centennial celebration in 1876, marking 100 years since the signing of the Declaration of Independence, sparked a resurgence of interest in colonial aesthetics. The grand exhibitions held during the celebrations, showcasing colonial artifacts and architecture, fueled a nostalgic fascination with the past.
4. World's Columbian Exposition: The World's Columbian Exposition, held in Chicago in 1893 to commemorate Christopher Columbus' arrival in America, had a profound influence on the Colonial Revival movement. The fair featured replicas and recreations of colonial buildings, which attracted widespread attention and helped establish the Colonial Revival as a popular architectural style.
5. Romantic nationalism: The Colonial Revival emerged during a period of increasing nationalism, with a desire among Americans to assert their cultural identity and distinctiveness. The style celebrated the country's colonial heritage, associating it with ideals of patriotism, purity, and simplicity, as opposed to the perceived excesses of Victorian styles.
6. Architectural pattern books: The publication of architectural pattern books played a crucial role in disseminating the Colonial Revival style. Books such as "The American Vignola" by William R. Ware and "Colonial Architecture for Those About to Build" by George F. Barber presented designs and plans that popularized the style, making it more accessible to a wider range of homeowners.
7. Industrialization and technological advancements: The Colonial Revival style coincided with the expansion of America's industrial revolution and advances in mass production. The availability of modern building materials and machinery enabled the replication and reinterpretation of colonial architectural features at a larger scale and more affordable cost, making it a feasible choice for American homes.
These influences combined to make the Colonial Revival style a prominent and enduring trend in American architecture and design.
Publication date: