In Modernisme architecture, architraves and friezes play significant roles as decorative elements that reflect the movement's artistic principles and its aim to incorporate nature and organic forms into design.
1. Architraves:
Architraves are horizontal elements that span across the top of columns or walls, acting as a lintel or beam. In Modernisme architecture, architraves often serve as platforms for ornamental motifs and sculptures. The intricate detailing found on architraves is inspired by the natural world, incorporating floral patterns, vines, leaves, or even animals. These organic forms express a desire to bring nature into the built environment, blurring the boundaries between architecture, art, and nature. Architraves in Modernisme buildings are often highly decorative, with elaborate designs and incorporation of materials like ceramic tiles, wrought iron, or mosaic tesserae.
2. Friezes:
Friezes are horizontal bands of decorative motifs that are typically placed between the architrave and the main structure or between different levels of a building. In Modernisme architecture, friezes act as another canvas for intricate ornamentation. The friezes often depict themes from nature, folklore, mythology, or local history, and are characterized by rich symbolism. They showcase vibrant colors, dynamic forms, and a combination of materials like ceramic, stone, or mosaics. Modernist friezes are known to make extensive usage of tilework since tiles offer a versatile medium to create detailed and colorful designs.
Both architraves and friezes in Modernisme architecture serve not only as decorative elements but also as a means to convey cultural and regional identity. By incorporating local fauna, flora, myths, and legends, architects aimed to express the spirit of the region and reinforce a sense of place. These decorative features were instrumental in transforming buildings into expressive works of art, highlighting the artistic and creative capabilities of Modernisme architects and artisans.
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