There are several fault tolerance techniques used in computational architecture, including:
1. Redundancy: This technique involves duplicating critical components, such as processors, memory, and storage devices, to ensure that if one component fails, the system can still function using the backup component.
2. Error correction codes (ECC): ECC is a method used to detect and correct errors that occur during data transmission. This technique adds redundancy to data to ensure that errors can be corrected without data loss.
3. RAID technology: Redundant array of independent disks (RAID) technology is used to protect against data loss by storing data across multiple disks. If one disk fails, the data can still be retrieved from the remaining disks.
4. Load balancing: Load balancing distributes workloads across multiple servers to prevent any single server from becoming overloaded. This ensures that if one server fails, the other servers can continue to handle the workload.
5. Cluster computing: In cluster computing, multiple computers are connected to work together as a single system. If one computer fails, the remaining computers can continue to handle the workload.
6. Virtualization: Virtualization creates virtual machines that can run on a single physical machine or across multiple machines. This allows applications to be run on different physical machines, so if one machine fails, the application can continue to run on another machine.
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