The main design elements of Egyptian libraries and scriptoria were as follows:
1. Architecture: Egyptian libraries and scriptoria were primarily housed within temple complexes. These structures were usually made of stone and had impressive architectural features such as colonnades, courtyards, and grand entrances.
2. Storage Rooms: Libraries and scriptoria had spacious storage rooms designed to hold papyrus scrolls and other written materials. These rooms were often underground or situated in the innermost part of the building to protect the scrolls from damage and theft.
3. Writing Surfaces: The scriptoria had dedicated writing desks and benches where scribes would work. These surfaces were usually made of wood or stone and had indentations for inkpots and compartments to hold writing implements such as reed pens and brushes.
4. Bookstands and Supports: Bookstands, often made of wood or clay, were used to hold open scrolls during reading or transcription. Supports and cushions were also provided to prevent the scrolls from being damaged or stained.
5. Lighting: In order to provide sufficient lighting, libraries and scriptoria had windows and skylights that allowed natural light to illuminate the working areas. Artificial lighting, such as oil lamps or torches, would be used during nighttime or in poorly lit areas.
6. Organization: Libraries and scriptoria followed a systematic approach to catalog and store their collections. Scrolls were categorized and labeled, sometimes with colored markers, making it easier for scribes and readers to locate specific texts.
7. Amenities: Libraries and scriptoria often included additional amenities like water fountains or basins for washing hands and a small garden or courtyard for relaxation and contemplation. These elements aimed to create a pleasant ambiance conducive to learning and scholarly pursuits.
It is important to note that many ancient Egyptian libraries and scriptoria have been lost to time and archaeological evidence is limited. Therefore, the above information is based on the knowledge and understanding derived from the surviving sources and architectural remnants.
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