The main purposes of "zellige" or mosaic tile work in Moorish architecture were:
1. Decoration: Zellige was used to adorn the walls, ceilings, floors, fountains, and other surfaces of Moorish buildings. The intricate patterns and vibrant colors of the tiles added visual interest and beauty to the architecture.
2. Symbolism: Zellige often featured geometric and floral patterns that held symbolic meanings. These patterns were inspired by Islamic art and were used to convey spiritual or philosophical concepts.
3. Protection: The tiles served as a protective layer against the elements. The glaze on the surface of the tiles made them waterproof, preventing moisture from seeping into the buildings.
4. Thermal insulation: The numerous small tiles used in zellige helped in insulating the buildings. The air trapped between the tiles provided an additional layer of insulation, keeping the interiors cool during hot summers and warm during winters.
5. Light reflection: The glazed tiles had a reflective quality, which helped in illuminating the interior spaces. This was particularly important in dimly lit areas such as courtyards and lower levels of buildings.
6. Acoustic control: Zellige tiles contributed to the acoustic properties of Moorish architecture. The uneven surfaces of the tiles helped in diffusing sound waves, reducing echoes, and creating a more comfortable auditory environment.
7. Preservation of cultural identity: The extensive use of zellige in Moorish architecture was also a way of expressing and preserving the cultural identity of the Islamic and Moorish civilizations. The tile work reflected the region's rich artistic heritage and passed down traditional craftsmanship techniques through generations.
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