The Mudéjar plasterwork friezes found in buildings were created using various techniques. Some of the main techniques used to create intricate Mudéjar plasterwork friezes include:
1. Stucco: Stucco is a plaster-like material made from a mix of lime, gypsum, sand, and water. It was used as a base for the plasterwork friezes. The stucco was applied to the walls or ceilings and allowed to harden. It provided a smooth surface for the decorative elements to be added.
2. Relief carving: Once the stucco base was in place, intricate designs were carved into it to create the desired patterns. The carvings were shallow, creating a low relief effect. Skilled craftsmen used chisels and other carving tools to create delicate details in the plaster.
3. Gypsum moldings: To create more complex and intricate designs, gypsum moldings were used. Molds were made from gypsum, a soft mineral compound, and these molds were used to form intricate motifs and decorative elements. These moldings were then fixed onto the stucco base.
4. Geometric patterns: Mudéjar plasterwork friezes are known for their intricate geometric patterns. These patterns were created by using rulers, compasses, and other measuring tools to precisely draw out the designs. The use of geometric shapes such as stars, hexagons, and octagons allowed for repetition and symmetry in the design.
5. Gilding: Once the plasterwork friezes were complete, they were sometimes embellished with gilding. Gold leaf or gold paint was applied to the raised or carved elements of the plasterwork friezes. This added a touch of opulence and highlighted the intricate designs.
Overall, the creation of Mudéjar plasterwork friezes required skilled craftsmanship, attention to detail, and a combination of carving, molding, and decorative techniques to achieve the intricate and elaborate designs.
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