New Formalism architecture considers natural ventilation and airflow for harmonious interior and exterior design by incorporating various design elements and strategies. Some of the ways in which it achieves this include:
1. Orientation and site planning: New Formalism architecture takes into account the prevailing wind directions and the site's specific climatic conditions. Buildings are positioned and oriented to maximize natural ventilation by promoting the flow of air through openings such as windows, doors, and vents.
2. Cross-ventilation and stack effect: New Formalist buildings often feature multiple openings on different sides to facilitate cross-ventilation. This allows for the inflow of fresh air from one side and the outflow of warm air from the other, creating a natural breeze. The stack effect, which utilizes the principle of hot air rising, is also considered, with high windows or vents strategically placed to enable the expulsion of warm air.
3. Atriums and courtyards: Buildings influenced by New Formalism often incorporate atriums or courtyards as central open spaces. These open areas can act as natural ventilation chimneys, drawing in cooler air from lower levels and allowing hot air to escape through vents or glazed openings in the roof.
4. Louvers, shades, and screens: New Formalism architecture employs various shading devices such as louvers, shades, and screens to control the amount of sunlight entering the building while allowing for natural ventilation. These elements can be adjusted to enable the regulation of airflow and light based on the specific needs and preferences of the occupants.
5. Operable windows and ventilation systems: New Formalist buildings often have operable windows that can be opened and closed to control the amount and direction of airflow. Additionally, mechanical ventilation systems are incorporated where necessary to complement and enhance natural ventilation, particularly in areas with limited access to fresh air.
By considering these factors, New Formalism architecture strives to create a balance between aesthetic design, functional spaces, and the natural environment, promoting the harmonious integration of interior and exterior spaces with a focus on natural ventilation and airflow.
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