In Prairie School architecture, the proportions of windows and doors were carefully determined to achieve a balanced and harmonious composition. Here are a few key principles and considerations that guided the designers:
1. Horizontal Emphasis: The Prairie School style was known for its strong horizontal lines, reflecting the vastness of the American prairie landscape. To emphasize this aspect, the windows and doors were designed with horizontal proportions that visually stretched across the facade.
2. Golden Ratio: The architects often employed the golden ratio, a mathematical ratio found in nature, to determine the proportions of windows and doors. This ratio promotes a sense of harmony and aesthetic appeal. By dividing the length or height of openings according to this ratio, the resulting proportions are visually pleasing.
3. Unity and Repetition: Consistency and repetition in the sizes and placement of windows and doors created a sense of unity and balance. The architects typically used symmetrical compositions, where windows and doors were evenly distributed on either side of a central axis. This repetition of elements helped create a visual rhythm and a sense of harmony across the facade.
4. Integration with Interior Spaces: The architects prioritized the relationship between exterior and interior spaces. The placement and proportions of windows and doors were determined in relation to the interior functions and the desired distribution of light and views. A strong connection between indoor and outdoor spaces was sought, often achieved through large windows and glass doors.
5. Site and Landscape Considerations: The architects also studied the surrounding site and landscape to determine the proportions of windows and doors. They sought to frame specific views and capture natural light, while also considering the privacy needs and functional requirements of the building.
By considering these principles and taking into account the architectural context, the architects of the Prairie School movement achieved a balanced and harmonious composition in their buildings.
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