1. Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED): This approach focuses on the physical design of urban spaces to discourage criminal activity. Measures may include improving lighting, increasing visibility, and reducing potential hiding places for criminals.
2. Traffic Safety: Proper street design incorporating traffic calming techniques such as roundabouts, speed humps, and raised crosswalks can encourage safer driving behaviors.
3. Pedestrian Safety: Urban design measures such as wide, well-lit sidewalks, and well-marked crosswalks can encourage walking and make it safer for pedestrians.
4. Emergency Services: Urban planning should also account for emergency vehicle access. Emergency response times can be improved in cities by ensuring that design of streets, buildings, open spaces and landscaping do not hinder quick access by emergency services.
5. Community Engagement: Engage the community in every level of design process, encourage feedback and collective decision-making to ensure that designs created are relevant to creating social equity.
6. Universal Access: Urban design should also incorporate designs that cater to groups of people like disabled people, the elderly, and vulnerable to ensuring that all members of the public are safe.
7. Data Collection and Analysis: Urban design decision-makers should frequently monitor and collect data to ensure that safety measures are being met. Urban designers should analyze the data collected to identify strategies that work and update their designs based on trends in safety issues to solve specific problems.
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