1. Slope: The slope of the land governs the level of soil erosion, landslides, and the susceptibility of structures to geologic hazards like earthquakes.
2. Drainage: Proper drainage is essential in determining how the site shall be graded to ensure the efficient removal of stormwater runoff and to mitigate erosion.
3. Soil types: Different soil types possess varying stability, drainage, load-bearing capabilities, and soil retention capacity, which are critical considerations during construction design.
4. Elevation: The elevation of a site influences how buildings and other features may be incorporated into the terrain and the efficiency of drainage and gravity services.
5. Vegetation: Plant life on a piece of land has an impact on the design process by determining how construction shall affect a site's environmental landscape.
6. Water bodies: Topography can discern where creek channels or other seasonal water bodies might exist, which can affect the development plan of relevant areas.
7. Sun and wind exposure: The orientation of a site analysis, in respect to the sun and wind, can give insights into possible energy consumption and cost efficiencies.
8. Access: The design must consider how accessible the land shall be to vehicles, pedestrians, and emergency services.
9. Adjacent properties: The surrounding environment of a property must be evaluated to determine the impact of the development on neighboring lands.
10. Viewshed: Topography shall affect the view of the development from all angles and must be taken into consideration during design planning.
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