1. Energy Efficiency: Facade design and engineering should aim to reduce energy consumption, limit heat gain in summers, and heat loss in winters.
2. Material Selection: The selection of materials for facade design should consider their environmental impact throughout their lifecycle; from extraction to production, transportation, installation, maintenance, and disposal.
3. Daylighting and Ventilation: Facade design should allow for natural light and ventilation penetration that helps to reduce reliance on artificial lighting and air conditioning, reduce energy consumption, and improve indoor air quality.
4. Water Efficiency: Facades may include rainwater harvesting systems, green roofs, or vertical gardens to improve water sustainability and mitigate the urban heat island effect.
5. Recycling and Waste Management: Facade design should consider end-of-life alternatives, such as recycling materials, repurposing or reusing components, or responsible disposal as part of sustainability considerations.
6. Life Cycle Impact: Life cycle cost analysis should be conducted to measure the environmental, social, and economic costs of facade design throughout its life cycle; from design, construction, operation, and disposal.
7. Acoustics and Noise Control: Materials and design used in a facade can help with sound management in and out of the building and should be incorporated in the design.
8. Fauna Protection: The design of a facade may protect wildlife by incorporating habitats or deterring human/wildlife encounters, either by sound design or selection of materials.
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