1. Marine life impact: The installation and operation of wave energy devices can disturb marine habitats and harm marine creatures. Proper impact assessments, monitoring, and mitigation strategies should be implemented to minimize negative impacts.
2. Coastal processes: Structures used for wave energy can alter nearshore processes, including sediment transport, erosion, and water quality. These processes must be carefully studied and considered in the design and operation of wave energy facilities.
3. Ocean currents and weather conditions: Wave energy devices are often deployed in harsh marine environments that are prone to strong currents, storms, and extreme weather events. The devices must be designed and installed to withstand these conditions to prevent damage to the devices or the environment.
4. Structural stability: It is essential to ensure that the structures used for wave energy are stable and robust enough to withstand the forces exerted by the waves. Proper design, fabrication, and construction are crucial to ensure the structural integrity of the devices.
5. Material selection: The materials used in the construction of wave energy devices must be capable of withstanding saltwater corrosion, wave impact, and other environmental stresses over the long term. Proper coatings or other protective measures should be implemented to prevent degradation.
6. End-of-life disposal: Appropriate measures must be taken when a wave energy device is decommissioned at the end of its life cycle. The devices may contain materials that need to be handled carefully to prevent environmental harm. Proper disposal mechanisms should be in place to minimize the risks.
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