A basilica is a large, rectangular-shaped building originally used for public and legal meetings in ancient Rome. In medieval times, it became a type of church that was characterized by a long nave (central area of the sanctuary), often with aisles and side chapels. The use of the basilica as a model for church architecture was influenced by the early Christian church's adaptation of Roman building techniques, and it became the standard design for most churches throughout Europe.
One of the most prominent features of medieval basilicas was their use of vertical space. Churches often had tall ceilings and were designed with a high central nave and smaller, lower side aisles. This design allowed for the use of pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses, which were all important innovations in medieval architecture.
Basilicas also influenced the exterior design of other buildings, such as castles and fortifications. The use of buttresses and walls with small, narrow windows became common ways to create sturdy and defensive structures while still allowing for some natural light and ventilation.
Overall, the basilica's influence on medieval architecture can be seen in the use of vertical space, pointed arches, ribbed vaults, flying buttresses, and the incorporation of defensive elements in the design of buildings.
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