1. Oval shape: Roman stadia were typically built in an oval shape, with a curved central area and straight sides.
2. Seating: Stadia were designed to seat large numbers of people, and most had tiered seating made from stone or concrete. Some even had covered seating.
3. Starting gates: Some stadia had starting gates for racing events, similar to modern horse racing tracks.
4. Track surface: Tracks were often made from compacted soil, sand, or crushed stone. Some stadia also had turf surfaces.
5. Central spina: Many Roman stadia had a central spina, or a raised central platform that separated the two sides of the stadium. This was often decorated with statues or other ornamental features.
6. Subterranean passages: Some stadia had subterranean passages or tunnels that allowed athletes and officials to move around the stadium unseen.
7. Monumental entrances: Roman stadia were often marked by monumental entrances, which were designed to impress visitors and emphasize the importance of the events taking place inside.
8. Spectator facilities: Many stadia had facilities for spectators, such as restaurants, shops, and public toilets. Some even had running water and fountains to keep visitors cool on hot days.
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