Shallow foundations are those that are built closer to the surface of the ground, typically within 6 feet deep. These types of foundations are used for smaller structures and lightweight buildings, and they spread the weight of the structure over a larger area.
Deep foundations, on the other hand, are used when the soil near the surface cannot support the weight of the structure. These foundations extend much deeper into the ground, typically more than 6 feet deep. Deep foundations are used for larger and heavier buildings, and they transfer the weight of the structure to stronger, more stable soil or rock deeper underground.
In summary, the main difference between shallow and deep foundations is the depth of the foundation and the load-bearing capacity of the underlying soil or rock.
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