Gothic architecture originated in France during the 12th century and continued to be dominant until the 16th century. The style became popular as a response to the austere Romanesque architecture which preceded it.
The term “Gothic” was originally used as a pejorative term by Renaissance scholars, who sought to disparage the medieval period and its architecture. The style initially featured flat and segmented arches with barrel-vaulted ceilings.
In the 13th century, however, Gothic architecture began to evolve and the pointed arch became a defining characteristic of the style. The ribbed groin vaulting that supports the roof increased the height of the building and made possible the use of large windows, with glass to allow in more light.
By the end of the 14th century, the Gothic style had reached its peak in Europe. Many of the most famous cathedrals and churches were built during this period, including Notre-Dame in Paris, Salisbury Cathedral in England, and Cologne Cathedral in Germany.
Over time, Gothic architecture continued to evolve and develop. The style became more intricate and ornate and took on new forms in different regions, such as Flamboyant Gothic in France and Perpendicular Gothic in England.
Today, Gothic architecture is appreciated for its intricate ornamentation, soaring arches, and dramatic silhouette against the sky. Many of the great cathedrals and churches of Europe remain iconic symbols of the Gothic style and continue to draw millions of visitors each year.
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