Modernist architecture emerged in the early 20th century as a response to technological advancements and a desire for a more functional and minimalistic approach to building design. It was characterized by an emphasis on simplicity, geometry, and the use of materials such as steel, concrete, and glass.
The roots of Modernism can be traced back to the late 19th century, with the Arts and Crafts movement in Britain and the work of American architect Louis Sullivan, who famously coined the phrase "form follows function." The Bauhaus school in Germany, founded by Walter Gropius in 1919, also played a significant role in the development of Modernist architecture.
In the 1920s and '30s, Modernism gained popularity with architects all over the world. Le Corbusier, a Swiss-French architect, became one of the most influential figures of the movement, advocating for a functionalist approach to architecture and urban planning. Other notable architects of the time include Mies van der Rohe, who designed the famous Barcelona Pavilion, and Frank Lloyd Wright, who designed the iconic Fallingwater house.
During the mid-20th century, Modernism continued to evolve, with Brutalism emerging as a popular style in the 1950s and '60s. This style was characterized by the use of raw, exposed materials such as concrete, and a focus on functionality and practicality.
The popularity of Modernism began to wane in the 1970s, with the rise of Postmodernism and a renewed interest in historical and traditional styles. However, Modernist architecture continues to influence contemporary building design, particularly in the fields of sustainability and eco-friendly construction.
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