Renaissance architecture emerged in Italy in the 15th century and spread across Europe over the next 200 years. It was a time of rediscovery of classical Greek and Roman architecture and a renewal of interest in mathematical and scientific principles. Renaissance architecture was characterized by symmetrical proportions, the use of classical forms and ornamentation, and the use of new construction techniques such as the dome and the arch.
Some of the most important buildings of the Renaissance period include the Florence Cathedral with its iconic dome, St. Peter's Basilica in Rome designed by Michelangelo and Bramante, the Palace of Versailles in France, and the El Escorial monastery in Spain. Renaissance architects also developed new ideas for urban planning, creating grand public forums and plazas, and designing harmonious residential neighborhoods.
Renaissance architecture was also driven by the patronage of powerful individuals and institutions, such as wealthy merchants, popes, and monarchs, who commissioned architects to design grand palaces, churches, and public buildings to showcase their wealth and power. The Renaissance period came to an end in the early 17th century as Baroque architecture emerged, which incorporated more dramatic forms and ornamentation into building design. However, the influence of Renaissance architecture can still be seen around the world today in many important buildings and monuments.
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