1. Waste feedstock characteristics: The characteristics of the waste to be used as feedstock have to be considered in terms of volume, composition, and consistency.
2. Gasification technology: The choice of gasification technology is crucial for the efficient conversion of waste into syngas.
3. Syngas cleaning: The syngas produced from waste gasification contains impurities such as sulfur compounds, tars, and particulate matter. Therefore, effective syngas cleaning technologies should be incorporated into the design.
4. Methanol synthesis: The catalyst used in the methanol synthesis process affects reactor design and performance.
5. Butenes synthesis: The design of the butenes plant depends on the specific technology used for catalyst selection and reactor design.
6. Energy efficiency: Waste-to-syngas-to-methanol-to-butenes facilities require a considerable amount of energy for the gasification, synthesis, and purification processes, and optimizing energy efficiency is essential to reduce costs.
7. Environmental compliance: The facility should comply with the environmental regulations concerning wastewater treatment, air quality, and waste disposal, among others.
8. Scale-up: Industrial waste-to-syngas-to-methanol-to-butenes facilities have to be designed to handle large volumes of waste and to achieve economies of scale.
9. Safety: The design of the facility should include safety features to prevent accidents and ensure the health and well-being of the workers involved in the operation.
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