The key elements of Japanese gardens are:
1. Koi ponds or water features: Water is one of the most important elements in a Japanese garden, representing calmness, purity, and continuity. Koi ponds, small streams, and waterfalls can be incorporated to achieve this effect.
2. Zen rock gardens: Often called karesansui, these gardens feature a minimalist design, with small rock formations, raked gravel or sand, and maybe a few sparse shrubs or trees. They are meant to evoke a sense of tranquility and contemplation.
3. Bridges, lanterns, and other architectural features: Japanese gardens often feature ornate bridges, statues, lanterns, and other architectural elements. These features can be used to create visual interest and highlight important parts of the garden.
4. Plants and trees: The selection of plants and trees in a Japanese garden is carefully curated to create a harmonious balance between different colors, textures, and shapes. Often, plants are pruned into intricate shapes to create a more stylized appearance.
5. Moss: Moss is a popular ground cover in Japanese gardens, adding texture and creating a soft, natural appearance. It is often used to create a more muted color palette and as a way to cover unsightly areas.
6. Scales and perspectives: Japanese gardens often incorporate different scales and perspectives, with large rocks or trees carefully placed to create a sense of depth and dimensionality. This technique is meant to make the garden feel larger and more expansive than its physical size.
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