1. Stereo imaging: Stereo recording and playback techniques reproduce the spatial dimensions of sound, creating an illusion of depth, width, and height.
2. EQ and frequency response: Properly equalizing a mix can prevent frequency masking and ensure that each instrument, voice, or sound effect is heard with clarity.
3. Compression and dynamic range: Compression evens out the volume of a track or mix, preventing loud peaks from overpowering softer passages.
4. Reverb and room tone: Reverb produces a sense of space and distance as if the sound is coming from a particular sounding area such as a concert hall or small room.
5. Delay: Delay is used to create spatial and temporal effects and can be readily used for special effects in music or sound design.
6. Panning and balancing: Panning is the placement of sound in the stereo field to establish a sense of direction and location.
7. Sampling and synthesis: Sampling offers a library of pre-recorded sounds to integrate into any sound design or production.
8. Foley: The reproduction of sound effects using physical materials is applied in animation or aspects of sound production, including overdubbing.
9. Mixing and mastering: Mixing means to balance all the elements in a song and master is the final stage where the track is made loud, optimized for the mediums, and finalized.
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