Early reflections are the first sounds that bounce off walls and objects in a room and reach the listener's ears within 30 milliseconds of the initial sound. They provide spatial cues and contribute to the perception of the size and shape of a room. Late reflections, on the other hand, are sounds that reach the listener's ears after 30 milliseconds and can continue for several seconds. They contribute to the sense of reverberation and can affect the clarity of the original sound. Late reflections can also cause unwanted echoes and interfere with speech intelligibility.
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