Merrill's principles of instructional design are a set of five guidelines or strategies for creating effective and efficient instructional materials. These principles were developed by Dr. M. David Merrill, a professor of instructional design and technology at Utah State University. The five principles are:
1. Problem-Centered: Learning should be based on real-world problems or scenarios that learners are likely to encounter in their daily lives.
2. Activation: Learners should be actively engaged in the learning process through tasks or activities that require them to think critically and apply new knowledge or skills.
3. Demonstration: Learners should be provided with clear examples, models, or demonstrations of how to perform the task or solve the problem.
4. Application: Learners should be given frequent opportunities to practice and apply their knowledge and skills in a variety of contexts.
5. Integration: New knowledge and skills should be integrated into the learners' existing knowledge and skills, and learners should be provided with opportunities to reflect on and evaluate their learning.
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