In Prairie School design, railing and balustrades served multiple purposes and played a significant role in defining the style. Here are the key roles and characteristics of railing and balustrades in Prairie School design:
1. Horizontal Emphasis: Prairie School architecture placed strong emphasis on horizontal lines, mirroring the expansive prairies of the American Midwest. Railing and balustrades were designed to accentuate this horizontal quality. Instead of traditional vertical balusters, the Prairie School often featured low, horizontal railings that stretched along the edges of balconies, terraces, and porches. This horizontal orientation contributed to the visual unity and harmonious flow of the buildings.
2. Integration with the Building: Balustrades and railings in Prairie School design were not merely add-on elements but were meticulously integrated with the overall architecture. They followed the same design principles as the rest of the building, using the same materials, colors, and geometric patterns. This cohesive approach created a unified composition and a seamless transition between the interior and exterior spaces.
3. Grid Patterns: Frank Lloyd Wright, one of the leading architects of the Prairie School movement, frequently incorporated grid patterns in his designs. Balustrades and railings often featured horizontal and vertical grids, echoing the regularity of the surrounding architecture. These grids were composed of solid wooden or metal elements, arranged in symmetrical or geometric patterns. This repetition of forms added visual interest and emphasized the horizontal lines.
4. Organic Materials: Prairie School design celebrated natural materials and their connection to the surrounding landscape. Railings and balustrades were typically made of materials such as wood, stone, or metal. These materials were chosen for their durability, aesthetic qualities, and ability to age gracefully. Unadorned wood, in particular, was favored for its warmth and natural beauty.
5. Functionality and Safety: While aesthetic considerations were crucial, railings and balustrades primarily served a practical purpose in providing safety and security. They prevented accidental falls and defined boundaries between different spaces, ensuring a sense of enclosure and privacy. Despite their functional role, Prairie School architects found ways to incorporate these elements seamlessly into the overall architectural design, displaying a balance between form and function.
Overall, railings and balustrades in Prairie School design fulfilled the functional requirements of safety while reinforcing the movement's characteristic horizontal emphasis, integration with the building, and use of natural materials. They became integral components that contributed to the distinctive character and unity of Prairie School architecture.
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