The Metabolism architecture movement, which originated in Japan in the 1960s, is characterized by the following defining characteristics:
1. Modular and adaptable structures: The Metabolism movement conceptualized buildings as organisms that could grow and change over time. As such, the architecture was designed to be modular and adaptable, with buildings consisting of prefabricated elements that could be added or removed as needed.
2. High-tech and futuristic design: The Metabolism movement embraced new technologies and materials, and its buildings often featured sleek, futuristic designs that highlighted these innovations. Examples include the Nakagin Capsule Tower by Kisho Kurokawa and the Sky House by Kiyonori Kikutake.
3. Emphasis on urban planning: The Metabolism movement was not just concerned with designing individual buildings, but also with urban planning on a larger scale. Its architects envisioned entire cities that could be reconfigured and adapted over time to accommodate changing populations and needs.
4. Sustainability: Some Metabolism architects were also concerned with sustainability, and sought to design buildings and cities that were environmentally friendly and could be powered by renewable energy sources.
5. Reliance on technology: The Metabolism movement relied heavily on technology and engineering expertise to realize its vision, and many of its architects collaborated with engineers and scientists to design and construct their buildings.
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